What distinguishes Haraway's position on science and objectivity?

• A. Science provides universal objectivity without regard to social context.
• B. Knowledge is embedded in social relations and cannot be fully objective.
• C. Objectivity arises from universal moral standards.
• D. Gender has no effect on scientific claims.

Answer: (B)

Haraway’s position centers on the idea that all knowledge, including science, is produced within social relations and power structures—there is no view from nowhere. Objectivity, for her, does not come from wiping out context; it comes from recognizing that context, positions, and biases shape what we observe and how we interpret it. She argues for situated knowledges: partial perspectives that are accountable to particular standpoints and open to scrutiny from multiple angles. This means science can be rigorous and trustworthy, but only if researchers are transparent about their position, methods, and the social conditions that influence their claims, and if they seek corroboration across diverse viewpoints.

So the best answer captures that knowledge is embedded in social relations and cannot be fully objective. The other ideas imply a universal neutrality or insist that context doesn’t matter, or deny that social factors like gender influence scientific claims, all of which run counter to Haraway’s emphasis on situated, accountable knowledge.